Weird History
Season 2023
The chronicles of history that was never covered in high school. The extreme, the unexpected, the untold and the flat-out weird parts of history. Because as weird as people seem today, we don't hold a candle to history.
Where to Watch Weird History • Season 2023
170 Episodes
- Favorite Recipes From Legendary Musicians We Lost Too SoonE1
Favorite Recipes From Legendary Musicians We Lost Too SoonYou may have thought about partying like your favorite rock stars to honor their legacies, but have you ever considered making their favorite recipe instead? Many celebrities enjoy the finer things in life, food included. Others like to dine on foods that speak to their heritage and bring them comfort. When a well-known artist passes unexpectedly and leaves us with a sense of emptiness, trying one of their favorite recipes may help fill that void. - Robert the Bruce was the Real Life 'Braveheart'E2
Robert the Bruce was the Real Life 'Braveheart'We all know that historical movies can be inaccurate. Sometimes, they get historical figures completely wrong – for example, Pocahontas was a child when she met John Smith, and so was Isabella of France when William Wallace was alive. Still, most historical movies don’t make executions less gory as was the case with William Wallace's execution in Braveheart, and they don’t make real historical figures less intense. But Braveheart is guilty of both. Just look at how Braveheart portrays Robert the Bruce, King of Scotland. In real life, Robert the Bruce and William Wallace were allies, openly fighting together – but in the movie, Robert the Bruce betrays Wallace. That couldn't be more wrong. Robert the Bruce was so committed to Scottish independence that he offed his rival in church to crown himself King. - What Happened Right After Lincoln Was Assassinated?E3
What Happened Right After Lincoln Was Assassinated?Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth in April of 1865. Lincoln was examined by doctors and then taken across the street to a room in the Petersen House where he died on April 15, 1865 at 7:22 am. The after effects of Lincoln's assassination were immediate. People in the North mourned the loss of their leader, while some in the South rejoiced - and paid a hefty price for doing so. A ripple effect spread through the country over the next few years. Some triumphed in the wake of Lincoln's assassination, while others were left to pick up the pieces of the presidency and mourn. Here's a look into the ramifications of that momentous event. - What It's Like to Live in Slab CityE4
What It's Like to Live in Slab CityFor most people in America, access to running water, sewage treatment, and electricity are a given. But for those who can’t afford a home, want to live outside modern society, or just need an escape from the snow every winter, Slab City might be an attractive place to call home. Located about 190 miles southeast of Los Angeles and built on an abandoned military base, Slab City has become a tourist destination and a residential community. Far from being one of the most beautiful cities in the world or even the United States, Slab City has its own unique appeal for those who live there and call themselves Slabbers. It takes a certain kind of person to be willing to endure 120-degree days in summer, live miles from the nearest grocery store, and get by without running water. People do it, however, and many of them are proud of their self-reliance and endurance. What’s it like to live there? - The 2013 Meteorite That Narrowly Missed The EarthE5
The 2013 Meteorite That Narrowly Missed The EarthThe explosion of the Chelyabinsk Meteor, which nearly hit Russia in 2013, was a viral event captured by dozens of dashcams in the notoriously driver-unfriendly nation. However, the surprise arrival of the extraterrestrial invader, and the city-quaking explosion that followed, was no laughing matter. The Chelyabinsk Meteor’s size, a paltry 20 meters in diameter, might make it sound relatively harmless, but it had a massive impact on the city, without even touching down. Had the entirety of the meteor, instead of just a few meteorite fragments, hit Earth, Chelyabinsk would have likely been decimated. - The Strange and Absurd Rules Of Elizabethan MannersE6
The Strange and Absurd Rules Of Elizabethan MannersEngland was the clear winner of the latter half of the 16th century. Flourishing under the reign of their industrious and stylish monarch, Queen Elizabeth I, it was between 1558 and 1603 that England emerged as the world’s first real superpower. Elizabethan England also saw the birth of a cultural and courtly movement that makes even the most stringent and alien ritualized historical decorum look like totally reasonable practices. Sure, England was winning history at the time, but some of the rules of aristocratic etiquette they and the rest of the world operated under were straight up bananas. - Thomas Jefferson Modeled The Declaration Of Independence On A Scandalous Divorce CaseE7
Thomas Jefferson Modeled The Declaration Of Independence On A Scandalous Divorce CaseThe history of America has been told in many classrooms, but that doesn't mean students hear everything. Consider this: one of the most famous divorces in history shaped America's Declaration of Independence. An affair with a British governor, a rumor of impotency, and a shocking death combined to create a fascinating, and formative, court case. Best of all, one of the prominent Declaration of Independence authors presided over the case, with his notes helping guide the language used in the famous document. - Behind-the-scenes History of Pink Floyd's Dark Side of the MoonE8
Behind-the-scenes History of Pink Floyd's Dark Side of the MoonMany consider it Pink Floyd's masterpiece and one of rock music's most influential albums, but 1973's The Dark Side of the Moon is legendary for more than musical reasons. It has a rumored connection to The Wizard of Oz and features the groundbreaking use of segues comprising audio recordings. There's much to Dark Side unknown to the majority of listeners, but the surprising facts add intrigue to the beloved album. - Famous Historical Playboys Who Were Actually ScumbagsE9
Famous Historical Playboys Who Were Actually ScumbagsFor centuries, society has cheered on men who rack up the greatest number of “conquests” - conquests of women, that is. In some circles, sleeping with thousands of women is ostensibly a badge of accomplishment. Even several popes have bragged about their illicit encounters. Unsurprisingly, many of the biggest playboys in history are also some of the most infamous figures. - The Scariest Prisons in HistoryE10
The Scariest Prisons in HistoryThe concept of prisons as we know them today is relatively modern. In antiquity, jails served less as places of penitence and more as a purgatory before the final judgment of guilt, which was often punished either by enslavement or execution. Before the mega jails and super-maxes of today, historical prisons took on many forms, from isolated islands to underground dungeons. Excluding any prison that is currently open and also the horrifically depressing sub-genre of concentration camps, this list reveals some of the scariest prisons in history. - Most Terrifying Warriors Throughout HistoryE11
Most Terrifying Warriors Throughout HistoryHistory is filled with stories of barbaric warriors who cause wanton destruction. They have been titled by ancient historians as "savages," "uncivilized," and even "the Scourge of God." But what makes them the most terrifying warriors in history? What sets apart the supposedly well-trained soldier of the Roman Empire from the bestial Goths? Or the noble samurai from the ruthless Mongol? Some could argue they were terrifying only because they weren't the ones writing the history - they were the outsiders. But they would be giving only a partial answer. - Most Unusual Victorian Era JobsE12
Most Unusual Victorian Era JobsQueen Victoria ruled England from 1837 to 1901, presiding over an era of unprecedented technological and social change, as well as an era of unrelenting horrors and human cruelty. Sure, your hipsters and your steampunks may love cribbing Victorian style, choosing to remember the pennyfarthings and top hats that look so fun on a Pinterest page, but let's face it: in those days if you weren't a member of the aristocracy, your life was probably unremittingly awful from start to all-too-brief finish. Disease, filth, and poverty were the norm, with people turning to whatever means of support that they could find - even if those means ended up being totally nasty. Victorian occupations usually tended to involve doing something that no human should have to do, for unreasonable hours, until it killed you. - Things Discovered By AccidentE13
Things Discovered By AccidentAccidental discoveries and inventions have often turned out to be some of the most important to human history. While it might seem intuitive to think that all archaeological finds were discovered by archaeologists or that all scientific discoveries were purposely made by scientists, that just isn't always the case. Sometimes, discoveries are made by ordinary folks doing the same things they do every day. Other times, what have turned out to be some of the world's most important drugs, most useful substances, most fascinating historical finds, and even best-selling toys have been the products of accidents or pure dumb luck. - The Bermuda Triangle ExplainedE14
The Bermuda Triangle ExplainedWhile the Bermuda Triangle is full of its own environmental wonders, the media often stretches the secrets and mysteries that lie behind it. Once speculation stops and scientific research takes over, it becomes clear that plenty of Bermuda Triangle facts provide a perfectly plausible explanation for the disappearances that occur within the area. After analyzing the ominous enigmas and terrifying stories that surround the missing ships and aircraft carriers, their disappearances become less of a conundrum and more of an overexaggerated conspiracy. - What Food Was Actually Like in the Elizabethan PeriodE15
What Food Was Actually Like in the Elizabethan PeriodOh what a time to be alive in late 16th Century England! Queen Elizabeth I was defending her throne while some plotted against her in favor of her cousin, Mary Queen of Scots. Regardless, Elizabeth's reign cemented Britain as a global powerhouse in arts, culture, and cuisine. (Particularly sugary foods, we'll soon find out.). Under Elizabeth's rule, the aristocracy enjoyed a meat-heavy diet with plenty of decadence and splendor - though some of their customs may leave us scratching our heads now. - 1991 Might Have Been The Most Game-Changing Year In RockE16
1991 Might Have Been The Most Game-Changing Year In RockAfter the metal and synth-pop dominance of the 1980s, the world was overdue for a new generation of artists that would change the trajectory of music forever. Leather jackets, hair spray, and tight pants were becoming passe in exchange for flannel, baggy jeans, and Converse. A strong argument can be made that 1991 was one of the most important years in music - with bands such as Nirvana, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Pearl Jam, Soundgarden, the Smashing Pumpkins, and My Bloody Valentine (just to name a few) putting out game-changing records. The most notable scene that formed in the early '90s was the Seattle grunge scene, which saw many bands break through with their gloomy, apathetic music. Grunge had become synonymous with "1990s music," but it wasn't just Seattle that was changing music forever. - Strange Viking Wedding Traditions and RitualsE17
Strange Viking Wedding Traditions and RitualsMarriage was the heart of family structure in Viking culture, hence the intricate nature of Viking wedding rituals. According to many of the myths and folklore to which historians attribute their knowledge of Viking weddings, each tradition and ritual was deemed necessary to earn the blessings of the gods, an important step on the path to becoming a parent and continuing the Viking bloodline. Marriage offered stability, serving as a way to control sexual activity and reproduction in the community. Contrary to their negative historical reputation for their treatment of women, Vikings actually worked quite hard to ensure relative gender equality and fair treatment of and respect for women. - Why So Many Countries Use Bidets But the US Does NotE18
Why So Many Countries Use Bidets But the US Does NotEvery day, the world flushes 270,000 trees down the toilet. If the US switched to bidets, it could save 15 million trees - so why don't Americans use bidets? If you're not familiar with this alternative to toilet paper in many countries, it's a basin separate from the toilet for washing one's nether regions. What countries use bidets? Many households in Europe, Asia, and South America rely on them. And why are bidets popular in Europe, but not America? Colonial American hygiene began with chamber pots and outhouses, and the country eventually progressed to toilets. Overall, however, Americans were skittish about hygiene topics associated with bidets. - Facts About Paris CatacombsE19
Facts About Paris CatacombsBeneath Paris's tree-lined avenues and broad boulevards, there lurks a labyrinthine world of tunnels, chambers, and ossuaries: the Paris Catacombs, which are made up of 200 miles of tunnels that have been attracting, terrorizing, inspiring, and hosting generations of Parisians. The catacombs are probably best known as the final resting place for medieval and early-modern Parisians whose remains were relocated there in the late 18th century. But the catacombs are so much more than that. For centuries, the Paris Catacombs have been a quarry, tourist attraction, hiding place, farm, and art gallery, among other things. - Where Does the Pirate Accent Come From?E20
Where Does the Pirate Accent Come From?The seafaring criminals known as pirates have existed for thousands of years. But because of the portrayals found in literature - or seen in films, TV shows, or on stage - much of what the general public thinks about pirates is likely historically inaccurate. Take for instance the pirate accent. Many believe the origin of the stereotypical pirate language is Robert Newton's portrayal of the fictional pirate Long John Silver in the 1950 film Treasure Island. Since both Robert Louis Stevenson's character and Newton himself were from the West Country region of England, the actor decided it would make sense to use an exaggerated version of his natural accent in his portrayal. And in the 70-plus years since then, a variation of Newton's accent has been used in many portrayals of pirates. - Where Common Terms And Phrases OriginatedE21
Where Common Terms And Phrases OriginatedHave you ever heard a word or phrase and wondered when people started saying it? And why? Language is constantly changing, and many of the common terms and phrases we use in everyday conversation have much deeper meanings than we realize. Numerous statements still in use have evoked controversy and reassessment, while others continue to find new applications. - Activities That Can Be Traced Back to Pagan CultureE22
Activities That Can Be Traced Back to Pagan CultureLinks between holiday traditions and pagan culture are well established - and occasionally celebrated - but there are also a lot of misconceptions about paganism that make the word itself a bit taboo. Paganism isn't something to be feared or shunned. In Latin, "pagan" was simply the word for villager or civilian. Religious connotations that developed during the Middle Ages made pagans into heathens rather than outsiders. With all that in mind, there continues to be a pervasive presence of paganism in the modern world. - Who the People In Famous Paintings Actually WereE23
Who the People In Famous Paintings Actually WereEver wonder about the identity of the woman posing for the Mona Lisa, or think about the life of the “farmers” depicted in American Gothic? Check out who the people in these 12 famous paintings actually were. Artists Leonardo da Vinci, Andrew Wyeth, and Grant Wood get all the acclaim for their priceless works of art. But what about the models that inspired those artists? It’s rare to ever hear their stories. Perhaps the models were artists, as well? Maybe they were the artist's secret lover? Or, could it be in some cases that the model is actually the artist doing a disguised self-portrait? - The Freakiest Coincidences That Put Hitler In PowerE24
The Freakiest Coincidences That Put Hitler In PowerWe all wish we had a guardian angel. Some of us are even nice enough to wish everyone else had one, too. But maybe we should be careful what we wish for, because if guardian angels were real, it would mean that awful people would end up with heavenly protection. People like Adolf Hitler, for example. One of the most evil people in history, Hitler himself believed he enjoyed supernatural protection from God; or sometimes, from "the gods," if he was in a particularly neo-pagan mood. And as you will see from the list below, it seems the Fuhrer of Nazi Germany had good reason to think there were occult forces working to keep him alive. - Bizarre Medical Practices From HistoryE25
Bizarre Medical Practices From HistoryModern medicine has seen more development in the past 50 years than in all of human history combined. Many long-practiced medical treatments now seem completely bizarre in retrospect - things like putting animal dung on a wound, drinking urine, carving holes in your skull, or drinking medicinal potions made of morphine or mercury. But which practices are considered the most peculiar from all of human medical history? Which practices were once used as medicinal treatments only to be later found incredibly dangerous? - How the British Monarchy Has Survived For So LongE26
How the British Monarchy Has Survived For So LongIt's a 1,200-year-old institution that has weathered wars, disease, and everything in between. But why has the British monarchy survived when so many others have faltered? The modern British monarchy can trace its roots back centuries, to the period when the island of Great Britain was a collection of disparate kingdoms in England, Scotland, and Wales. That changed over time, as these kingdoms consolidated into a single monarchy. Why does the British monarchy still exist? - Presidents Who Lived Wild Lives Before Taking OfficeE27
Presidents Who Lived Wild Lives Before Taking OfficeFew professions in the world are as scrutinized and well-documented as the Presidency of the United States of America, so it might seem like every single aspect of all the former presidents' lives has already been covered. But sometimes there’s just as much interesting material from before they were president as there is from their time in the White House. It takes an extraordinary kind of person to run for the highest station in America, so it makes sense that extraordinary origin stories are the norm for Oval Office occupants. - Historic Good Guys Who Did Terrible ThingsE28
Historic Good Guys Who Did Terrible ThingsHistory is full of titanic figures, men and women who managed to make a truly significant impact on the world around them. Some of these have been largely viewed as “good guys,” for they often made the world a better place as a result of their work, whether it was charity or inventing. These heroes of history have, at times, been unfairly maligned, while others deserved the opprobrium they received after their deaths. In all of these cases, these villainous good guys reveal an unpleasant truth: People, particularly “great” ones, are rarely as morally uncompromised as we'd like them to be. - The Topless Duel Between A Princess And A CountessE29
The Topless Duel Between A Princess And A CountessThe history of dueling is full of shocking moments, like the time the vice president shot and killed the Secretary of the Treasury - that was, of course, the duel between Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr. But no duel was more shocking than the topless duel between fought a princess and a countess. It was called the first emancipated duel because not only were both duelers women, their seconds and the doctor on hand to tend their wounds were also women. Female sword duels were uncommon, even by the late 19th century when the topless duel was fought. - Stories Behind Pulitzer Prize Winning PhotosE30
Stories Behind Pulitzer Prize Winning PhotosPhotographs provide provocative glimpses into people's lives. Stories behind photos - for individuals on both sides of the camera - may reveal much more than a single image can encapsulate. Pulitzer Prize-winning photos receive international attention for their ability to evoke visceral reactions, highlight key events in history, and open eyes to unrealized truths. - The Doomed Arctic Balloon Expedition That Vanished For 30 YearsE31
The Doomed Arctic Balloon Expedition That Vanished For 30 YearsOn August 5, 1930, a group of men on a sealing expedition made their way across a rarely exposed ice sheet in the Svalbard Arctic Region along the Norwegian archipelago only to discover a scene that was long thought to have been lost to history. While the group, named the Bratvaag Expedition, had intended to hunt seals and study the structure of the glaciers in the area, they instead found themselves unintentionally excavating the remains of the disappeared S.A. Andrée Expedition, which had gone missing in that very region of the Arctic over 30 years before. - The Feud Between Thomas Jefferson And Alexander Hamilton Is Deeper Than You ThoughtE32
The Feud Between Thomas Jefferson And Alexander Hamilton Is Deeper Than You ThoughtThe first—and perhaps the most important—political rivalry in U.S. history was between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson. The two Founding Fathers clashed over political differences, each trying to sway President George Washington to his side. But there’s more to the Hamilton and Jefferson feud than you thought. Why did Thomas Jefferson hate Alexander Hamilton? He called Hamilton a corrupt monarchist, a traitor to the country—and their beef went far beyond political differences. In the rivalry between Jefferson and Hamilton, both men would destroy their own reputations in order to attack each other. - The Most Ridiculous Reasons Books Have Been BannedE33
The Most Ridiculous Reasons Books Have Been BannedBooks have always been a key part of the American cultural and social landscape, and thus have often become flashpoints in various culture wars. In fact, throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, certain books - even some we love - have been declared off-limits by those who believe they pose a danger to a certain group (usually children). Many reasons exist for book bans, which typically render even stellar tomes into stories people can’t read. This is all the more unsettling given how often banned books have been turned into films, many of which are underrated. - The Most Bitter Sibling Rivalries in HistoryE34
The Most Bitter Sibling Rivalries in HistoryAnyone who has grown up with a sibling knows how easily rivalries can develop. The desire of brothers and sisters to outperform each other is a nearly universal emotion, one that transcends social class, culture, and time period. In other words, everyone is prone to this rivalry, even US presidents. History is chock-full of famous siblings with particularly juicy beefs. If humans are already naturally inclined toward competing with their sibs, adding power, wealth, or fame to the equation only inflames that tendency. In societies with hereditary governments, siblings have done all kinds of terrible things to each other to seize power for themselves. In more modern times, while dynastic political families do still exist, high-stakes sibling squabbling often plays out in corporate boardrooms or lawsuits. But throughout history, one thing is clear: Family is complicated. - Mussolini's Mistress Kept A Detailed DiaryE35
Mussolini's Mistress Kept A Detailed DiaryItalian dictator Benito Mussolini maintained relationships with several mistresses – as many as 14 at a time, according to some – but none stuck by him quite as ardently as Clara Petacci. Petacci, his preferred paramour, kept a diary about her time as Mussolini's mistress that provides intimate insights into her lover's life and sexual behavior. Although never married to Mussolini, she was the woman behind one of the most powerful leaders of the twentieth century and died alongside him as a result. even perished by his side. - What Viking Parties Were LikeE36
What Viking Parties Were LikeAncient Norse seafaring Vikings were well-known as explorers, traders, and warriors. But when they got down, they weren't messing around. Sure, Norse Sagas tell of epic voyages, and etymological studies have granted insight into the lands to which they traveled and settled. Archeological evidence has revealed records of weapons and armor they fought with. But what our current perception of the Vikings sometimes overlooks, and shamefully so, is that, in addition to thrilling expeditions to far-flung lands, Vikings had some pretty wild festivities. Maybe you're wondering "What were Viking parties like?" - Characters From Ancient Mythology That Might Have Actually ExistedE37
Characters From Ancient Mythology That Might Have Actually ExistedDid you ever wonder if the great stories of ancient mythology, tales of the men behind the Egyptian pyramids and the rulers of the fabled cities of ancient Anatolia, were real? Well, if that's the case, then you're in luck - there are indeed some notable true stories behind myths. For example, the Great Pyramid was partially built by the architect Imhotep, who was then turned into a god. Started from the bottom of the pyramid, now we here! - What It Was Like To Be Held On The Most Dangerous Island Prison Colony In HistoryE38
What It Was Like To Be Held On The Most Dangerous Island Prison Colony In HistorySending criminals and political troublemakers to remote islands has been a pretty normal thing throughout history - just ask Australia or Napoleon. In Central America, the former penal colony on Coiba Island was once home to some of Panama's worst criminals and most threatening political enemies. The prisons on Coiba Island housed over 3,000 prisoners between 1919 and 2003, even after the island became part of Coiba National Park in 1991. - The Unbelievable Rise and Fall of The DeLoreanE39
The Unbelievable Rise and Fall of The DeLoreanIt's an iconic car, the DeLorean, made famous by its fundamental role in the Back to the Future movies - but do you know the man behind the car? Do you know the John DeLorean story? The DeLorean's namesake, John DeLorean, lived a life so intriguing that it's now the subject of two major movies. Framing John DeLorean, featuring Alec Baldwin, was released in July 2019, a mashup of documentary footage and reenactments of DeLorean's extraordinary path. A month later brought the arrival of Driven starring Jason Sudeikis and Lee Pace and detailing DeLorean's exhaustive - albeit questionable - quest to make the innovative, ethical sports car. - How A Notorious Criminal's Pet Hippos Are Still A Huge Problem Decades LaterE40
How A Notorious Criminal's Pet Hippos Are Still A Huge Problem Decades LaterPablo Escobar: kingpin and... animal lover? In the 1980s, Escobar's zoo at Hacienda Nápoles took shape, filled with exotic animals, including hippos. The zoo was only functional for about 10 years before the Colombian government claimed it, but during its heyday, Escobar allowed locals to explore it for free. He even bussed children to the zoo. Today, however, those hippos are causing quite the uproar in Colombia. While hippos aren't native to South America, that hasn't stopped them from making a home in Colombia, wandering away from Hacienda Nápoles, and multiplying quickly. These hippos haven't hurt anyone yet, but it's likely only a matter of time before these sometimes dangerous animals get too close to humans for comfort. - The Weirdest Rules of Royal French EtiquetteE41
The Weirdest Rules of Royal French EtiquetteVersailles etiquette was as complicated and ornate as the furniture and artwork filling the great chambers of the French royal palace. The smallest details of life at court, including personal hygiene, were dictated, regulated, and policed. But more often than not, court etiquette at Versailles was more bizarre than it was dignified. - How Exactly Did Anne Sullivan Teach Helen Keller To Communicate?E42
How Exactly Did Anne Sullivan Teach Helen Keller To Communicate?The relationship between Anne Sullivan and Helen Keller went beyond pupil and teacher. It was based in Sullivan's ability to open up the world for Keller. Deaf, blind, and mute due to a childhood illness, Helen Keller learned to read, write, and speak through the tireless efforts of her instructor, friend, and companion, Anne Sullivan. Anne Sullivan's teaching philosophy was based on making learning active, enjoyable, and on going. Through finger-spelling, gestures, Braille, and vocal training, Sullivan gave Keller the gifts of language, expression, and liberation. - Common Words With Surprising Mythological OriginsE43
Common Words With Surprising Mythological OriginsHave you ever wondered why the days of the week are named the way they are? Sunday and Monday are named after the sun and moon, which makes sense, but then we've also got Saturday, which is named after the Roman god Saturn. And then, just to shake things up, the remaining four days of the week are named after the Norse gods Tyr (Tuesday), Odin/Woden (Wednesday), Thor (Thursday), and Frigg/Freya (Friday). Just as many common phrases derive from outdated traditions, words associated with mythology are indelibly bound to our vocabulary. Here are some of the most intriguing examples. - 12 Of The Most Important Cities In History - And Why They Fell From The TopE44
12 Of The Most Important Cities In History - And Why They Fell From The TopIn ancient times, the most powerful and influential cities in the world were located primarily in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Places like Alexandria, Jericho, and Carthage once were thought to be as influential or powerful as cities like London, Tokyo, or Washington, DC, are today. By the 21st century, the majority of cities that were military, economic, and religious powers hundreds or thousands of years ago no longer have that kind of influence. Although some of the powerful ancient cities like Alexandria and Baghdad do still exist, many more of them have been forgotten or left in ruins. - What It's Actually Like To Climb Mount EverestE45
What It's Actually Like To Climb Mount EverestIn addition to being the highest point on Earth at 29,000 feet above sea level, Mount Everest is also one of the most sought after destinations of mountaineers and outdoor enthusiasts. While it's not considered one of Earth's most dangerous mountains, people die attempting to summit its peak each year, prompting many to wonder what it's like to climb Everest and if it's worth it. Despite the costs, dangers, and extreme endurance needed, many climbers claim it is. - William IV: The Maddest Lad To Ever Sit On The British ThroneE46
William IV: The Maddest Lad To Ever Sit On The British ThroneOf all the monarchs to sit on the British throne in the modern era, few are as infrequently discussed as King William IV. It's a real shame, because the stories of his life are a real gas. Only the most dedicated of royal historians are probably familiar with facts about King William IV, but a close reading of his biography reveals a life filled with risk-taking, debauchery, and an anti-authoritarian streak that he carried with him right to the throne. In many ways, William IV was the original "mad lad," and modern rogues could learn a thing or two about his particular brand of misbehavior. His actions certainly make him stand out among even the most bizarre English royalty. - The First Time Michael Jackson Moonwalked On StageE47
The First Time Michael Jackson Moonwalked On StageMotown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever will always be remembered as the night of Michael Jackson's first moonwalk. The image of the King of Pop gliding across a stage is one of the most memorable moments in music history, and some may argue that the move changed the course of pop music. The 1983 performance wasn't merely the genesis of one of the most imitated '80s dance moves; it also showed MJ's gift for capturing the world's attention through meticulously crafted performances. - The Real Five Points, The Neighborhood That Inspired 'Gangs of New York'E48
The Real Five Points, The Neighborhood That Inspired 'Gangs of New York'Martin Scorsese's period epic Gangs of New York took up residence in the chaos-ridden New York City neighborhoods of the mid-1800s, populated by eccentric characters and vicious acts of aggression. Its depiction wasn't entirely accurate, but it was based on a very real neighborhood and the very real misery it experienced. Five Points, a major intersection in lower Manhattan, was home to a host of impoverished immigrants seeking a better future for their families. That future wasn't easy to come by; newcomers mostly encountered hostility and distrust, which often boiled over into conflict. - The Megalodon, A Prehistoric Giant Shark That Ruled the Seven SeasE49
The Megalodon, A Prehistoric Giant Shark That Ruled the Seven SeasJason Statham's 2018 movie may be a work of fiction, but there is a real-life monster behind The Meg: the 60-foot-long prehistoric sea creature known as the Megalodon. The movie paints the shark-like monster as something that still lives in the ocean, but this apex predator likely died out millions and millions of years ago - or did it? - Everything The US Government Has Planned For Surviving A Nuclear AttackE50
Everything The US Government Has Planned For Surviving A Nuclear AttackThough the threat of worldwide nuclear annihilation has lessened somewhat since the end of the Cold War, the US government's nuclear plans have gotten more sophisticated. Focus has altered from a large-scale exchange of thousands of missiles to small-scale incidents, and in response, arrangements have shifted more towards detection, prevention, and the aftermath. And yet, the legacy of the Cold War looms large, particularly in the wake of 9/11. From the old behemoth bunkers at Raven Rock and Cheyenne Mountain to sophisticated new missile tracking satellites, the United States government is committed to covering all the bases and remaining as secure as possible in the event of a crisis. This includes both preserving the president and senior leadership and informing the citizens how to prepare for a nuclear event. - The Fatal Feud Between Jimmy Hoffa and Robert KennedyE51
The Fatal Feud Between Jimmy Hoffa and Robert KennedyAs a relative novice to politics and the labor landscape in the United States, Robert F. Kennedy worked as a lawyer for several Senate committees before being appointed chief counsel of the US Senate Select Committee on Improper Activities in Labor and Management in 1957. More commonly referred to as the McClellan Committee, it was where Robert Kennedy and Jimmy Hoffa had some of their most vitriolic exchanges. Both Hoffa and Kennedy knew how to get under each other's skin, and their public interactions could be full of tension or riddled with petty jabs at one another. The feud between Hoffa and Kennedy was far from collegial and definitely influenced the lives and careers of both historical figures. - What The Average Workday Looks Like Around The WorldE52
What The Average Workday Looks Like Around The WorldOften, the typical workday doesn't resemble anything we imagined during our school years or witnessed on TV and in film. The daily grind can become mundane; hard work doesn't always get noticed or rewarded; lunches turn into quick bites of sandwiches while we work from our desks; and long commutes have us drained by the end of the day. Then, embarrassing mistakes and awkward interactions with coworkers leave us wishing we could have stayed home. Do people around the world experience the same discomforts? These familiar yet less-than-desirable experiences led us to wonder what it's like to hold a job in other locales. - Unbelievable Facts About Biosphere 2, The Largest Contained Experiment EverE53
Unbelievable Facts About Biosphere 2, The Largest Contained Experiment EverNowadays, the ambitious and wild Biosphere 2 experiment is only remembered as a footnote to the Pauly Shore film Bio-Dome, which is a shame. The Biosphere 2 project was ambitious, idealistic, and apocalyptic; it was some pretty crazy science wrought with drama, intrigue, cults, and billionaires. There are many wild Biosphere 2 stories as a testament to this fact. In short, its movie should have been a David Fincher thriller instead of a low-budget comedy. - Surprisingly Plausible Real-Life Explanations For Mythical CreaturesE54
Surprisingly Plausible Real-Life Explanations For Mythical CreaturesCreatures like the narwhal, okapi, and Komodo dragon are on the short list of mythical creatures proven real. Yet, while scientifically interesting, these examples aren't in the realm of more fanciful and legendary animals like unicorns, Bigfoot, or the more hilarious mythical creatures that cryptozoologists fawn over. Mythical creatures in real life often fail to live up to the expectations formed by old legends, fairy tales, or cartoons. - Facts About Neck ElongationE55
Facts About Neck ElongationWhy would you undergo neck elongation? This procedure, which works to stretch out the neck, causes pain and takes a lot of dedication. It's natural to wonder why anyone would go through the process. But look closer, and you'll realize that how neck elongation is perceived varies widely from person to person. Some cultures have a rich history of neck elongation practices. In many cases, the reasons why people elongate their necks are related to tradition. - The Mind-Blowing Story of Devils Hole, An Eerie Alien Geology On EarthE56
The Mind-Blowing Story of Devils Hole, An Eerie Alien Geology On EarthThere's something about enormous caverns that captures humanity's imagination, and Devils Hole in Death Valley National Park is one of the strangest natural formations in the world. Devils Hole has a unique natural ecosystem and is home to an isolated fish species which doesn't exist anywhere else. Its waters also act like a natural earthquake sensor that can detect vibrations from as far away as Japan, Chile, and Indonesia. But it wouldn't be called Devils Hole if there weren't creepy national park stories inspired by the mysterious depths. - The Most Popular Hairstyles Throughout HistoryE57
The Most Popular Hairstyles Throughout HistoryMuch like the tide, historical trends and taboos ebb and flow. Some of them, like fashion throughout the centuries and the most common ways to die, are solid and almost definitive indicators of the cultural zeitgeist. Others, like hair trends throughout history, may seem inconsequential in comparison. However, like the tide itself, these hairstyles have affected humanity on a global scale. - Scary Urban Legends You Didn't Realize Are Based On Real StoriesE58
Scary Urban Legends You Didn't Realize Are Based On Real StoriesHumankind has been passing along legends and folklore since we’ve been able to communicate. The good news is, while many contain kernels of truth, the majority of the creepy legends shared in hushed tones over roaring fires aren’t true. Most are just exaggerated stories meant to scare listeners and sometimes impart some sort of life lesson. Urban legends wrap up society’s fears in an attention-catching narrative that can be safely enjoyed for thrills, all the while knowing that it's all just a tall tale. - Gregor MacGregor, The Most Despicable Con Man In HistoryE59
Gregor MacGregor, The Most Despicable Con Man In HistoryIf we told you there was a man who fought through wars, survived the un-survivable, and married into two of the most esteemed wealthy families of the 18th century, you might think it was a particularly unrealistic movie plot. But it isn't - it's the life story of a very real person, who also happens to be one of the most notorious con men to ever run a racket. - The Story of Fraggle Rock, The Forgotten Jim Henson Puppet ShowE60
The Story of Fraggle Rock, The Forgotten Jim Henson Puppet ShowIf you grew up in the '80s, there is a good chance you can remember the catchy Fraggle Rock theme song. The catchy opening jingle wasn't the only interesting aspect of the show. Fraggle Rock was arguably one of the best Jim Henson productions ever. It was even better than the muppets. Even if you're a Kermit fan who can't co-sign that statement, you have to agree that Fraggle Rock is fantastic and completely weird. - Benny Binion, The "Friendliest" Mobster In VegasE61
Benny Binion, The "Friendliest" Mobster In VegasYou may never have heard of Benny Binion, but odds are you're familiar with some of his work. So, who was he? For starters, he was one of the pioneers in Las Vegas gaming and founder of the World Series of Poker. While Binion was said to be one of the nicest men you'd ever meet, he was also a guy you didn't want to cross. From his start as a gambler and racketeer in Dallas, TX, to the establishment of his Horseshoe Hotel and Casino on Fremont Street in downtown Las Vegas, Binion was as ruthless as he was charismatic. Binion reshaped Las Vegas gambling, attracting high rollers and average players alike. - How The Reebok Pump Changed The High-Tech Sneaker Game ForeverE62
How The Reebok Pump Changed The High-Tech Sneaker Game ForeverWhen it comes to cutting-edge athletic footwear, Reebok and its competitors - Nike being the most prominent among them - have been at the forefront of industry-shaking innovations that literally change the way people wear (and buy) sneakers. But few innovations have caused a stir quite like the Reebok Pump. On its way to becoming a veritable game-changer, the Pump - introduced at the tail-end of the 1980s - featured technologies that many brands, including arch-rival Nike, had been tiptoeing around for years. - Facts About The Ancient MayaE63
Facts About The Ancient MayaForget the movie Apocalypto – the real Mayans of pre-Colombian America were more than stone pyramids and bloody rituals. From about 200 until the so-called “Mayan collapse” around 900 CE, the Maya people were at the height of their influence. They were one of many civilizations – like the Olmecs and the Aztecs – that animated Mesoamerica before the arrival of European colonizers. Clustered around the Yucatán peninsula, Maya culture was layered and complex, filled with masterful artwork, political networks, and thriving cities. They even had a written language that is preserved in artwork and bark-bound codex books. - Why Is The National Anthem Played At Sporting Events?E64
Why Is The National Anthem Played At Sporting Events?The opening words to the national anthem are familiar to anyone who watches or attends a sporting event in the United States. But why is the national anthem played at games to begin with? Depending on one's point of view, you can blame - or thank - World War I for being the catalyst for this tradition. "The Star-Spangled Banner" began its life as a poem by Francis Scott Key about seeing the flag flying over Fort McHenry after it was bombarded by British troops in 1814. Long before it became the official US national anthem in 1931, the song was recognized for its ability to boost patriotism. - Whitey Bulger, The Mobster Who Eluded The FBI For 16 YearsE65
Whitey Bulger, The Mobster Who Eluded The FBI For 16 YearsWhitey Bulger's life played out like a Martin Scorsese film, and certainly, the legendary mobster and his exploits have been well documented in movies and television alike. The eccentric gangster grew up on the streets of Boston in the early 1940s and was only a teenager when he turned to a life of crime. Throughout his life, Bulger robbed banks, committed murder, dealt in the international arms trade, and even worked as an FBI informant. His long and storied life came to an end on October 30, 2018 when he was allegedly killed in prison by other inmates. - The Oldest Known CivilizationsE66
The Oldest Known CivilizationsHumans have been around for around 350,000 years, but it has only been a short time since they began to group together in what we call civilizations. In all of our history on this planet, humans have only civilized themselves for approximately 10,000 years thanks to the development of agriculture, animal husbandry, and eventually writing. Of the thousands of civilizations that have existed, most have disappeared. Few have remained in the same place they originated such as the Chinese or Egyptians, while most have died out. Many ancient civilizations existed throughout human history, but some lasted longer than you might believe. - Where Does That Katharine Hepburn Accent Come From?E67
Where Does That Katharine Hepburn Accent Come From?Katharine Hepburn and Cary Grant have a few things in common; not only were they popular actors during Hollywood's Golden Age, but they both used a way of speaking known as the Mid-Atlantic or Transatlantic accent. Although Hepburn was American and Grant was from England, you wouldn't know it by the way they spoke. By using the Mid-Atlantic accent, the top actors of Hollywood's Golden Age, like Hepburn and Grant, hid the dialect of their natural voice and adopted a fabricated accent that is hard to place. - Craziest Moments From Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII RelationshipE69
Craziest Moments From Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII RelationshipThe romance of Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII had it all - passion, intrigue, and betrayal. Anne was neither the first nor last of Henry's wives, but she remains the most enigmatic, and their relationship the most tumultuous. Small details about their life together reveal just how over the top their relationship actually was. - Facts About J. Edgar HooverE70
Facts About J. Edgar HooverIf there’s one member of the Federal Bureau of Investigation that pretty much everyone in the world could name without trouble, it’s J. Edgar Hoover. Best known as the country’s most famous G-man, Hoover’s work as director of the FBI began in 1924, when Hoover took control, it was simply called the Bureau of Investigation. The “Federal” was added 11 years later in 1935. Hoover may not have founded the FBI, but he certainly molded it into the institution citizens know today. As the head of the organization for nearly 50 years, Hoover has become a national icon, revered for the way he shaped the country’s domestic police force. In fact, Hoover is still so revered that the FBI’s national headquarters is named for him. - The Bizarre Story of the Con Man Who Pretended To Be A Missing BoyE71
The Bizarre Story of the Con Man Who Pretended To Be A Missing BoyIn 1994, Nicholas Barclay vanished from his neighborhood in San Antonio. Three years later, he was found in Spain, having allegedly escaped from a military child sex ring. When he returned home to Texas, he appeared physically different and spoke with a French accent. The family excused all of this and accepted him into their family. But of course, this very different person wasn't Nicholas Barclay at all. After several months of passing himself off as Nicholas, 29-year-old French con artist Frédéric Bourdin admitted he had stolen the identity of Nicholas, the family's long-lost son. But how could the family be so blind? - Surprising Facts About Ancient LandmarksE72
Surprising Facts About Ancient LandmarksHistoric landmarks have been attracting tourists for hundreds - in some cases, thousands - of years. Monuments like the Roman Colosseum, the Great Wall of China, and the Eiffel Tower are so distinct that you can probably identify them just by their silhouettes - but what do you really know about them? - Where the Garden of Eden Actually Could Have BeenE73
Where the Garden of Eden Actually Could Have BeenWhat happened to the Garden of Eden? This question has plagued many to go searching for the location of the fabled garden, and as such people have nominated places as crazy as Mars and Missouri as its source, while many scholars believe it never existed at all. Certain descriptions in Genesis leave only a few locations that fit the given criteria: the Armenian Highlands of Eastern Turkey (around where Noah might have landed after the flood), Northeast Africa (the ancestral home of man where Moses supposedly parted the Red Sea), and Jerusalem, even though the Bible describes Eden as east of Jerusalem. - What It's Like To Be AmishE74
What It's Like To Be AmishWhat with being such a private, insular community, many people are curious about the Amish lifestyle and beliefs system. Leaving the Amish faith is extremely hard on any individual who decides to become "English" (the Amish term for everyone who isn't Amish), but, fortunately, ex-Amish stories have provided us with a fascinating glimpse into the Amish way of life. To put it simply, people living in mainstream America would consider Amish laws and punishments to be harsh, but it’s important to note that not all Amish follow the same rules. - How Long Famous Landmarks Took to BuildE75
How Long Famous Landmarks Took to BuildThe Great Pyramid of Giza. The Great Wall of China. The Parthenon. The Eiffel Tower. Stonehenge. Great structures capture our imagination and give us a lasting collective heritage. (They also provide the backdrop to innumerable selfies.) But while they may last for centuries, these familiar objects have widely divergent building times. Some take decades to erect, others just a few years. Still others have been slowly created over centuries. Here are some of the world's most famous landmarks, along with the time it took to make them a reality. - The History of Pepper's GhostsE76
The History of Pepper's GhostsAnyone who considers themselves a Disney Parks fan is familiar with the spectral entities that lurk in the Haunted Mansion. These semi-transparent ghouls dance, dine, and even play organ in the classic Disneyland ride. Invented before modern holograms and other high-tech optical tricks, the Imagineers had to use a technique called Pepper's Ghost to create the realistic-looking, phantasmal beings. The Pepper's Ghost illusion has been around since the dawn of Victorian-era spiritualism, which featured a love - or perhaps obsession - for all things spooky and supernatural. - Facts About Julius Caesar's Love LifeE77
Facts About Julius Caesar's Love LifeAnybody looking for Julius Caesar facts is bound to find something interesting along the way - namely, his wild reputation for sex. The ancient Romans didn't have the same hangups about sex that many societies do today; much of Julius Caesar's sex life was considered normal by their standards, but not all of it. Caesar had a few alleged preferences in his sexual relationships that made him the subject of mockery, some of which could even be connected to his death in the Senate. - Why Common Items Are Specific ColorsE78
Why Common Items Are Specific ColorsWe often don't give a second thought to the color of everyday items. Of course a pencil is yellow! Well, yes, a candy cane should be red and white. But these things didn't always have these telltale colors. Some were changed - to be easier marketed, or for safety reasons. Sometimes the iconic color was an accident during the creation process, or simply the easiest thing people had on hand. So if you've ever wondered why barns are red or tennis balls are yellow (or green?), this video is for you! - Things You Didn't Know About Atilla the HunE79
Things You Didn't Know About Atilla the HunWho was Attila the Hun? Attila the Hun is known as the most prolific killer of the Early Middle Ages. But the facts about Attila's life are much more complicated than that. Born into the royalty of a small but ambitious steppe tribe, Attila and his brother Bleda were groomed for a life of combat. They ascended to control the Hunnic Empire, and were soon at war with Rome. Information on Attila the Hun is hard to come by and often biased. We know he was an innovative general feared by his enemies, but did you know that his conquests were instrumental in founding the city of Venice? Or that one of his greatest invasions started with a possibly fraudulent marriage proposal? - Most Sadistic Things Nero Ever DidE80
Most Sadistic Things Nero Ever DidYou’ve heard of Nero, of course. He’s a highlight of world history in high school - the crazy Roman emperor who supposedly fiddled with a tune while the city burned to the ground. You’ve heard he was out of his mind, sure, but you have no idea exactly how nuts the last of the Julio-Claudian emperors was. Born into the twisted web of the Roman royal family, Nero was adopted by Emperor Claudius as heir to the Roman Empire. Nero distinguished himself as even crazier than any of his predecessors (which is saying something considering Caligula came before this guy). - Fatal Beauty Trends From the Victorian EraE81
Fatal Beauty Trends From the Victorian EraThe Victorian Era lasted throughout most of the 1800s. This period of time was known for its technological advancements and for its increased social mobility. And with that came new beauty trends that spread from Britain to the United States by word of mouth and publications aimed at women - some beauty trends that would never happen in today's world. Not all of these trends were good - many of them had deadly consequences. - The Weirdest Small Towns In The United StatesE83
The Weirdest Small Towns In The United StatesA post on Medium in May 2016 attempted to tackle a seemingly unanswerable question: what's the weirdest town in America? To do this, Lyman Stone used 20 different variables, including what percentage of each city's population was foreign-born, married, working, in the armed forces, etc. He then compared that data to national averages. What he found was that San Jose, CA, is the most bizarre town in the US. But though it may be demographically weird, San Jose doesn't hold a candle to these weird small towns in the United States. - Facts About Bobby FischerE84
Facts About Bobby FischerBobby Fischer epitomized the notion that there is a very thin line between genius and insanity. Because Fischer refused interviews and famously cut off contact with acquaintances who talked about him publicly, many Bobby Fischer stories and Bobby Fischer facts did not emerge until after his death. Some may never have surfaced at all. But even from a very early age, Bobby Fischer's life was fraught with chaos, anger, and instability. Fischer is perceived as possibly the greatest chess player who ever lived yet his bizarre personality later in life destroyed any semblance of a positive legacy. - Why Don't Americans Use the Metric System?E85
Why Don't Americans Use the Metric System?If you grew up in the United States, you probably learned the United States Customary System (USCS) for weights and measures. USCS terms like inches, feet, pounds, and miles are derived from the British Imperial System, steeped in a long history of application and use. Any introduction to the metric system may have muddied the measurement waters, adding unfamiliar words and awkward conversions to your school day. - Who Is the US In Debt to?E86
Who Is the US In Debt to?It was 1917 when the United States had just joined World War I. With demands for military investment growing, the US Treasury Department was in desperate need of money. Without enough of its own, the Treasury Department had to borrow it from someone, but was also constitutionally required to receive congressional approval to take on debt and make financial decisions. Rather than oversee every increasingly common request and transaction, Congress figured, “Hey, let's give the Treasury Department power to oversee their own debt! But we have to limit that so we don't get ourselves in any trouble." Thus the debt ceiling was born. It was a means to allow the Treasury Department to get money, accrue debt, and invest in everything the government needed to invest in without requiring constant approval from Congress, while still allowing Congress to control the total amount of debt accrued. - History's Weirdest King and Queen DeathsE88
History's Weirdest King and Queen DeathsKings live some of the most extraordinary lives of any human beings. They can have seemingly limitless wealth, power, and time to do what they want. But one thing seems to mirror extraordinary lives: extraordinary deaths. The kings on this list have some of the most unusual, sometimes painful deaths you may ever heard of - from a mouthful of molten gold to the nastiest case of gangrene you can imagine. And while some of these deaths were ordered by the hands of others, some of them are just outright bad luck. - American Phrases That Are Rude In Other CountriesE89
American Phrases That Are Rude In Other CountriesNext time you're abroad, watch out for these American habits other countries think are rude. Us Yanks aren't the most popular kids in the global school at the best of times - you don't need to commit a social faux-pas to exacerbate the situation. Whether it's a gesture or word, rude things American tourists do can reinforce the host country's negative perception of Americans, even if you've got the best of intentions. So brush up on these habits or American phrases that are rude in other places and you'll have nothing to fear on your next holiday. - History's Strangest Beauty TrendsE90
History's Strangest Beauty TrendsIt's impossible to meet the incredibly unrealistic and changing beauty standards of our world, and many of us have already spent way too much time trying to pluck, paint, or contour ourselves into stacking up. It may not be a surprise to learn that this is basically a timeless issue, but some of the beauty ideals of the past are really hard to imagine as fun or glamorous. - The Strange History of Mr. Ed the Talking HorseE91
The Strange History of Mr. Ed the Talking HorseIn the 1960s, the story of a man and his talking horse captivated the globe. The show was Mister Ed, and it followed the hijinks of a talking horse named Mr. Ed and his keeper Wilbur Post. The show became an instant classic, and the character of Ed has popped up everywhere from rap music and comedy sketches to children's shows. Behind the character of Mr. Ed was a real horse. His name was Bamboo Harvester and he was already famous when he stepped onto the Hollywood scene. TV’s most famous horse was born and bred a star. Lighthearted and humorous at times, stubborn and imperious on occasion, the real Mr. Ed was a true trail blazer. - US Cities That Changed Their NamesE92
US Cities That Changed Their NamesFrom the early inhabitants of the original 13 colonies, to the pioneers who moved West and South as America expanded, there was one common problem when it came to establishing new settlements: What would they name their city? Some US cities and towns were named after a founder, a nearby geological feature, or a place the settlers had come from, but others had very unusual names. - Unbelievably Macho Stories About Davy CrockettE93
Unbelievably Macho Stories About Davy CrockettMany of the stories about Davy Crockett (1786-1836) are wrapped up in myth and masculinity, much of which was propagated by Crockett's own hand. He wrote an autobiography, aptly titled A Narrative of the Life of David Crockett of the State of Tennessee, which detailed - and perhaps embellished - life on the American frontier. Davy Crockett's stories became wrapped up in the frontier, manliness, and American strength, promoting a sense of machismo that contrasts heavily with its modern conception. As a frontiersman, soldier, and politician, Davy Crockett achieved folk hero status soon after his passing in 1836, and his reputation continued to grow throughout the 20th century. - Real History of DeadwoodE94
Real History of DeadwoodAny time a highly respected historical drama comes along, whether on the big or small screen, be prepared for dozens of articles about all the things it got wrong. Uncovering those inconsistencies may be illuminating, but the relationship between history and its fictionalized depiction is a codependent one. Even with poetic license doing some heavy lifting, fiction often hews closer than expected to historical fact - or at least uses true events as a sturdy jumping-off point. - Wars In History That Were Really Won By Decisive Naval BattlesE95
Wars In History That Were Really Won By Decisive Naval BattlesSome of the most pivotal moments in history have taken place at sea. Naval battles account for the rise and fall of many great dynasties and empires. This list showcases some of the largest and most consequential battles from across the ages that have determined the course of history. - Famous Geniuses Who Vanished Or Went Into HidingE96
Famous Geniuses Who Vanished Or Went Into HidingThere’s a quote attributed to EB White that goes, “Genius is more often found in a cracked pot than in a whole one.” The list below appears to confirm that, with stories about geniuses who disappeared, geniuses who vanished, and, yes, some geniuses who seem to be some flavor of what people used to call, insensitively, “crazy.” But the plural of anecdote, as they say, isn’t data. These so-called mad geniuses aren’t a homogeneous group of crackpots. Some of these geniuses went into hiding for perfectly sensible reasons, such as to flee the Gestapo or avoid pushy and privacy-invading press. - What Training for Vietnam War Was LikeE97
What Training for Vietnam War Was LikeDuring America's long involvement in the Vietnam conflict, from 1965 to 1973, tens of thousands of young men and women were recruited and drafted into the ranks of the US armed forces. They were sent overseas to fight on the battlefield or help in various support capacities. However, whether you were conscripted involuntarily or joined up to dictate your own career path, you had to undergo training, and that was one painfully unforgettable experience. - The Weirdest Stories From Greek MythologyE98
The Weirdest Stories From Greek MythologyWhen it comes to Greek mythology, some of the stories you'll find out there are pretty strange. Goddesses being birthed from clam shells, women being kidnapped by Hades, and plenty of stories of cheating god husbands (we're looking at you here, Zeus). But if you go past the more well-known myths, things start to get even weirder. Yes, those wacky gods on Mount Olympus have a serious strange streak that would shock even the most open-minded historian. - Popular Misconceptions About Ancient RomeE100
Popular Misconceptions About Ancient RomeDue in large part to popular Hollywood films like Gladiator and Ben-Hur, there are plenty of misconceptions about ancient Rome and the way Romans lived. The ancient Romans wore togas, but not very often. They had several leaders who were certainly ineffectual, brutal, and careless, but they weren't necessarily insane - nor did they sing a sad song while the city of Rome burned down. There were gladiatorial fights, but they weren't nearly as bloody as we've been led to believe. - Surprising Origins of Popular TraditionsE101
Surprising Origins of Popular TraditionsThere are thousands of traditions throughout the world that belong to different cultures, eras, religions, and peoples. Yet, amongst these many traditions, there are some that stand out from the many others because of their peculiarity, strangeness, or disturbing nature. If your interest is piqued, you'll love our list. We'll discuss the most popular traditions still known or practiced today in 2022. Some of these traditions might be surprising, but you've likely participated in each of them or have known someone who has. - Facts About The Inca EmpireE102
Facts About The Inca EmpireYou've likely heard of the advanced skills of the Inca Empire. From creating a reliable system of measurement and communication to building a 25,000-mile road system, the Incas were brilliant, innovative people. However, like many native populations, they were bested by the Spanish conquistadors when they invaded in the mid-1500s. The European conquerors stole or destroyed much of the priceless Inca art and artifacts, so we must rely on stories and legends to build the narrative of what life was like for the Incas. - Ways Scotland Has Been Totally Mistreated Throughout HistoryE103
Ways Scotland Has Been Totally Mistreated Throughout HistoryOn a Scottish history timeline, you can see how the English have used, abused, and downright insulted Scotland. Slurs, jokes, and awful stereotypes aside, the English were responsible for the most horrible atrocities committed in Scotland. The 18th-century Battle of Culloden and its aftermath were particularly difficult for the beautiful, culturally rich country, but mistreatment didn't start or stop there. Scottish history facts are full of examples of disputes and hardships, many of which may make you sympathize with England's northern neighbor. - Historical Friendships Gone BadE104
Historical Friendships Gone BadWhen it comes to world historical figures, whether they're Roman emperors, European kings, or American presidents, today most people know them for their larger-than-life deeds. People like Augustus, Napoleon, and Thomas Jefferson changed the world. They conquered vast amounts of territory, or they led successful revolutions that changed the governments of their countries - or both. But even the most legendary rulers were also capable of deep and lasting friendships. In fact, many of their closest friends also served key roles in their rise to power. - The Most Valuable Fisher-Price Toys In HistoryE105
The Most Valuable Fisher-Price Toys In HistoryWhen it comes to classic toys, Fisher-Price is at the top of the list. Founded in 1930, the popular child’s toy line came to fame in the 1960s with their incredibly popular Little People line. These vintage Fisher-Price toys featured adorable little figures packed inside fun and educational playsets. While most of the toys were staples in households from the late '60s up to the early '90s, it turns out those old toys you used to play can sell for a pretty decent amount today. - Modern Words and Phrases That Came From The Ancient WorldE106
Modern Words and Phrases That Came From The Ancient WorldEnglish is a language with many influences. A hefty percentage of English words are taken from French, and are particularly evident in British English. The influence of Old Norse and others can all be readily seen in everyday use. Another major source of our modern vocabulary comes from decidedly ancient origins, particularly the Greco-Roman world. This collection features words and phrases and the stories behind them drawn from the ancient world. - The Most Ruthless Things Hernan Cortes DidE108
The Most Ruthless Things Hernan Cortes DidHistory brims with oppressive, self-serving, and indifferent people. Hernán Cortés, the notorious Spanish conquistador, was one of them. Spanish conquistadors were generally insensitive and exploitive to indigenous peoples in their quest for wealth and power. Cortés was a trailblazer - he was the first Spaniard to make significant inroads in what is today modern Mexico. However, his actions led to the demise of one of the most powerful empires in the Americas. Born into a noble family in Spain around 1485, Cortés experienced a restless childhood, dreaming of fame and fortune. Spain's increasing exploration of the Americas gave the young Cortés the chance he was looking for. In 1504, he followed his dreams westward. Cortés subsequent actions ultimately led to the fall of the Aztec world. - The Daring Life Of Amelia EarhartE109
The Daring Life Of Amelia EarhartWho was Amelia Earhart? She was a pioneer in flight, an author, a fashion designer, and so much more. Earhart was born in Kansas in 1897. She was the oldest of two daughters, and her mother didn't believe in raising her children to be proper and dainty little girls. Instead, they wore bloomers (pants) and had plenty of freedom to explore and do what they wanted. From the beginning, Earhart was a tomboy; she spent her free time climbing trees and sledding down hills. All of this set the scene for what came later, when she broke through the traditional wall of male-dominated aviation. - Weird But True Facts About SpartaE110
Weird But True Facts About SpartaMany of us have heard of the unusual practices of Sparta, the war-obsessed, ancient Greek society. Let's be real: many of us learned them from the notorious 2006 film, 300. While the movie, and our history books, highlight some of the more impressive aspects of Spartan society, there are plenty of weird facts about Sparta that seem too extreme to be real. So get cozy, grab your sword (if you have one), and read on to dive into the wild traditions of Sparta. Make sure to vote up the facts that seem too outrageous to be real. - All The Weird Things That Happen After You Flush The ToiletE111
All The Weird Things That Happen After You Flush The ToiletIf you underwent potty training, you definitely know the process of flushing the toilet, though you probably don't know how toilets work. Like the causes behind airline turbulence, what happens when you flush the toilet is likely something you possess a vague understanding of without getting into the down-and-dirty of it, so to speak. But crazy facts about toilet plumbing exist out there, many happening directly beneath you as you drop a dookie. The mechanics of flushing, including why toilets are u-shaped, only serve to keep you better informed as a citizen, who deserves the right to know where your waste goes. - A Beat By Beat Breakdown of Pearl HarborE113
A Beat By Beat Breakdown of Pearl HarborThose who woke up in Oahu, Hawaii on December 7th, 1941, had no idea they were about to experience one of the darkest days in modern military history. Over 2,400 Americans perished in the attack where air raid sirens blared, Japanese bombers filled the sky, and every second counted. - Historical Figures That Were ExiledE114
Historical Figures That Were ExiledHistory is littered with the stories of people who, for a variety of reasons, were cast away from their homes and forced to live in foreign lands. Getting exiled was always a risk in the game of politics. Make the wrong enemy or fall from grace, and men and women who lived public lives could be banished by their opponents to get them out of the way. In the ancient world, many important historical figures were cast out of places like Athens and Rome, where citizens took banishment very seriously. The modern world continues to use exile as a political tool to push out dictators, overthrow governments, and silence inconvenient activists. - Historical Mysteries People Want SolvedE115
Historical Mysteries People Want SolvedFrom prehistory through modern-day occurrences, history offers some pretty fascinating stories and information. It also, as often as not, leaves observers wanting more. Simply put, history is full of questions - and Redditors want answers. In a recent Reddit thread, individuals chimed in on which historical mysteries they wondered about and really wanted to be solved. Their contributions ran the gamut from political conspiracies to secret identities to some fascinating "what-could-have-beens" through the ages. - Facts About Modern Wonders of the WorldE116
Facts About Modern Wonders of the WorldIn ancient times, the ultimate tourist guide was the Seven Wonders of the World, a list of seven sites that were supposedly wonderful to behold. The subsequent centuries weren't kind to those wonders, however, and most of them no longer exist. The pre-modern list focused on ancient structures and monuments around the Mediterranean – so, what about the rest of the world? In recent decades, new lists have highlighted more wonders of the world. These sites are more representative of the diversity of the human experience. Bonus: They’re still standing, so travelers can visit them today. - Things We Didn't Realize Were Named After PeopleE117
Things We Didn't Realize Were Named After PeopleSome products are so ubiquitous that their names are taken for granted. Have you ever stopped and thought what “Pilates” means? What about “nachos”? Or even “saxophone”? It turns out that those products - and many others that are household and cultural staples - were named after their creators. - How The British Murder Act of 1751 Scared Criminals StraightE118
How The British Murder Act of 1751 Scared Criminals StraightDuring the mid-18th century, murder was so rampant in Britain that Parliament needed to create an equally brutal law in response. Some said legislation as a fate worse than death. The British Murder Act of 1751 became law the following year, with the purpose of terrorizing the public into a reasonable facsimile of human decency. - Major Medical Discoveries That Happened By MistakeE119
Major Medical Discoveries That Happened By MistakeEvery year, millions of hours and billions of dollars are poured into medical innovation, with new methods of improving, sustaining, and extending human life discovered on a near daily basis - yet without some significant accidental medical discoveries thrown into the mix, many of us would not be here today. Unintended scientific discoveries often prove more fascinating than those made on purpose. Perhaps it’s the lure of serendipity, or the enticing possibility of changing the world for the better through nothing more than sheer happenstance. Either way, people everywhere are grateful that some enterprising individuals were fortunate enough to stumble into important medical breakthroughs - and had awareness enough to understand the implications of their discoveries. - What High Schoolers Wore Each Decade Of The 20th CenturyE120
What High Schoolers Wore Each Decade Of The 20th CenturyIn the last several decades, teen clothing has become an independent industry – from retail stores advertising the latest fashions to Instagram models forming the new trends with each post. This wasn't always the case, though. Long before the '90s birthed the denim oddity that was JNCO jeans, and even before Seventeen ran its inaugural issue in 1944, "teen" was barely a word in the common vernacular. In the early 1900s, high school clothing trends were essentially smaller versions of whatever was worn by adults. So, how did teen style manage to define 20th-century fashion? Perhaps accessibility – such as the wave of shopping malls in the 1980s – played a pivotal role. - The Most Famous Feuds In HistoryE121
The Most Famous Feuds In HistoryHistory is full of famous feuds, between siblings, clans, and even people who aren't related to each other. The causes underlying these feuds are often similar, regardless of the individuals' class, time period, or nation of origin. Since humans have existed, they have competed with each other for power and resources. In regions where resources aren't abundant, families and groups come into conflict with each other, often with deadly consequences. In countries with dynastic monarchies, siblings are often pitted against each other. In more recent times, the rise of powerful corporations has created even more avenues for conflict. - Facts About Dr. Joe Medicine Crow, the Crow War Chief Who Fought the Third ReichE122
Facts About Dr. Joe Medicine Crow, the Crow War Chief Who Fought the Third ReichWars are often fought by massive groups of people, but even in the largest conflicts, unique individuals like Joe Medicine Crow stand out. Joe Medicine Crow was born in 1913 near Lodge Grass, MT. Despite his family's long tradition of military service, he originally planned to enter academia. But when America joined WWII in 1941, Medicine Crow enlisted in the infantry as a scout, following in the footsteps of his step-grandfather. - The Pettiest Kings and Queens In HistoryE123
The Pettiest Kings and Queens In HistoryKings and queens wield a lot of power - and sometimes, they let that power go to their heads. Just look at the petty figures of historical royalty who started wars over minor slights, or publicly snubbed people for upsetting them. Queen Victoria ignored her daughter Beatrice for months after Beatrice said she wanted to get married, and the Queen Mother was so angry at Wallis Simpson that she pretended the divorcee dating her son didn't exist. One king put a mouse on trial, while another ordered his soldiers to whip the sea when his bridge collapsed. - Everything English Borrows From Other LanguagesE124
Everything English Borrows From Other LanguagesFor how often we use the English language every day, few of us take the time to consider where these thousands of words actually came from. Our language was developed in a few different ways. Sometimes, we grabbed loanwords - meaning we barely changed the original spelling and definition. (Think “siesta” - it means the same in English as in Spanish - “a short, daytime nap.”) Then there are words that we tried to borrow - but ended up bungling pretty awfully in the process. Like “ketchup” - it's an iconic tomato condiment, right? Well, originally the word meant “pickled fish” in Chinese. - The Woman Who Poisoned 600 Men with Her MakeupE125
The Woman Who Poisoned 600 Men with Her MakeupShe’s the most successful serial killer whose name you’ve never heard. Giulia Tofana killed hundreds of men in 17th-century Italy when she turned her makeup business into a poison factory, selling a deadly concoction called Aqua Tofana. Her crimes place her among the most deadly female serial killers in history, alongside the Russian noblewoman who killed over 100 people and the Hungarian Blood Countess who may have killed 650 people. - Facts About The Faked Kidnapping Of The Runaway BrideE126
Facts About The Faked Kidnapping Of The Runaway BrideJennifer Carol Wilbanks, forever immortalized as the real life runaway bride, made headlines in 2005 when she vanished from Duluth, Georgia – just days before her 600-person wedding – and again when she resurfaced in Albuquerque, New Mexico, several days later. Wilbanks and her fiancé, John Mason, were to be married a mere six days after her disappearance. Although, at first, she claimed to have been kidnapped, she later changed her story and admitted that she panicked at the thought of marrying Mason in front of their 600 wedding guests and 28 attendants. - Popular Things That Were Invented By AccidentE127
Popular Things That Were Invented By AccidentAccidents happen all the time. People become distracted and drop items from their hands, clumsily knock things off shelves, and misinterpret kitchen recipes that sometimes produce disastrous results. While everyone suffers from clumsiness or preoccupation now and then, inventors, chemists, and engineers typically do everything they can to prevent accidents on the job. As they develop ideas they believe could possibly change the world - for better or worse - experts meticulously calculate their every move to ensure they can replicate the results, should they succeed. - Surprising Mythological Stories From Around the WorldE128
Surprising Mythological Stories From Around the WorldWhether it’s Marvel’s Thor, Disney’s Moana, or those Titans that clashed in that movie, pantheons of mythic heroes are everywhere in popular culture. But those Hollywood films barely even begin to scratch the surface of the wild stories our ancestors have told since time began. - The Shockingly Dark History of ChippendalesE129
The Shockingly Dark History of ChippendalesWhen the first Chippendales male revue opened in 1979, it was an instant hit. But the male strip show hid a dark secret: its founders were murderers who treated the business like an organized crime syndicate. How did Chippendales start? In the 1970s, Somen Banerjee owned a failed Los Angeles disco, and a nightclub promoter named Paul Snider suggested he begin the first all-male strip club for women... - The Secret Behind Historic Magic TricksE130
The Secret Behind Historic Magic TricksJim Steinmeyer designs magic tricks that other magicians use. He knows the ins and outs of illusion. He's written several books on the subject and, in one, he claims, "Magicians don’t protect their secrets from the audience, they protect the audience from their secrets." Indeed, the magic is in the presentation, not in knowing how it's done. But magic as we know it has been around for quite a while. The ancient conjurers became traveling vaudevillians who morphed into Las Vegas showmen and street mentalists. By this point, many stage tricks have been explained in books. Some have been revealed in lawsuits. Even Harry Houdini has had the secrets behind his most well-known tricks exposed. - The Messiest Band Breakups in HistoryE131
The Messiest Band Breakups in HistoryEvery beginning comes from another experience's ending, but that doesn't make breakups any easier or less messy. And although all splits are tough, there's something about a band breakup that leaves its fans as heartbroken, angry, and nostalgic as the members who experienced the abrupt departure firsthand. This list features the messiest band breakups in history, proving that highly public, complicated splits cross all decades and genres. Some rock 'n' roll bands took their intentional hateful personalities a little too far. In other cases, the hard-partying lifestyle and inter-band romances were to blame. And despite some band members' outwardly harmonious “best buds” reputation, the truth later came out. - How The Renaissance Directly Shaped Modern LifeE132
How The Renaissance Directly Shaped Modern LifeThe Renaissance lasted from the 1300s to the late 1600s, and what a time it was to be alive. Even if you don't love Renaissance Faires (and come on, who doesn't?), you should definitely love the Renaissance itself. Where else can you find such an amazing blend of art, philosophy, and science? Things that happened during the Renaissance directly shaped the way we live today, paving the path that led from the Dark Ages to the modern world. Famous inventors, artists, and thinkers made sure the Renaissance influences today more than you'll ever know (at least until you read this article). - The Gebelein Man, An Ancient Tattooed Murder VictimE133
The Gebelein Man, An Ancient Tattooed Murder VictimGebelein Man is part of the huge mummy collection on display at the British Museum in London. His story is quite different from the Egyptian mummies you might be picturing, though. Gebelein Man, along with his contemporary, Gebelein Woman, sports the world's oldest known figural tattoos. The Gebelein mummies were accidentally preserved by their environment, as opposed to the careful preparation later Egyptian mummies underwent. Many other cases of accidental or environmental mummification have been discovered around the world, from Juanita the Ice Maiden and her fellow Incan child sacrifices, to Ötzi the Iceman. - The Tragic Life Of Elisabeth Of AustriaE134
The Tragic Life Of Elisabeth Of AustriaElisabeth of Austria was one of the most powerful monarchs of the 19th century. Remarkably beautiful, Elisabeth, nicknamed Sisi, defied Austrian court traditions. She traveled often and became a beloved figure in both Austria and Hungary. Elisabeth was very concerned with her looks; she engaged in strange beauty rituals and aggressive exercise routines. Elisabeth's iconoclastic ways resulted in her bizarre death at the hands of an anarchist. - The Most Famous Ghosts in the United StatesE135
The Most Famous Ghosts in the United StatesThe US is full of countless ghost stories and reports of paranormal encounters. From ghosts dating back to colonial days to ghosts from the Golden Age of Hollywood, stories can be found in all corners of the country. Here are some of the most well-known haunts that are still quite active to this day. Read on and see which ones you want to add to your bucket list of spooky places to visit next. - Unusual Facts About Well-Known CitiesE136
Unusual Facts About Well-Known CitiesThere are certain cities throughout the world that we all know the names of: Paris, Tokyo, New York, Moscow. We likely know one or two things about each of these cities. Paris has the Eiffel Tower. New York has Broadway. But each city has its own, unique elements that not a lot of people know about. For example, who knew that one of Los Angeles' iconic plants actually isn't even native to the city? Or that there is a very specific traffic sign that is missing throughout all the streets of Paris? From fortresses to subway systems to green spaces, these hidden gems are some of the coolest things we've heard about these major cities. Which is your favorite? - The Life of GeronimoE137
The Life of GeronimoPerhaps if he’d been born a few years earlier, Geronimo would have lived out his life as an Apache chief, adhering to tradition and ensuring the safety of his people. As it happened, one of the most famous Native Americans in history was born to a life of turmoil at the tail-end of America’s westward expansion. The life of Geronimo was fraught with heartache, true, but a life filled with pain didn’t stop the brilliant tactician and charismatic leader from making history. - True Story Behind Killer of the Flower MoonE138
True Story Behind Killer of the Flower MoonThe 2017 book Killers of the Flower Moon, written by David Grann, is based on his own investigations into the systematic theft and brutality committed against members of the Osage Nation. The 2023 movie of the same name, directed by Martin Scorsese, is based on Grann's work and emphasizes the relationship between Mollie Burkhart and her husband, Ernest, as the conspiracy to eliminate members of her family unfolds around them. Killers of the Flower Moon offers a glimpse into a relatively unknown historical event defined by racial injustice, greed, and murder. The true crime story reveals a dark chapter in US history as land, money, oil, and love brought death and devastation to the Osage Nation during the early 20th century. - Why We See Faces In ObjectsE139
Why We See Faces In ObjectsFrom the fronts of cars to weirdly human knots on trees, people see faces in the strangest places. But have you ever wondered why we see faces everywhere? It turns out there's a name for that phenomenon: pareidolia, which describes humanity's ability to identify discernible images in places where there aren't any. In attempting to understand pareidolia, researchers have proposed several scientific and behavioral explanations. - 12 Things We Learned About The Middle AgesE140
12 Things We Learned About The Middle AgesWe learned a lot this year - new information, reminders of things we uncovered long ago, and tidbits that confirm what we already know. And much of it had to do with medieval history. In 2022, we discovered things about the Middle Ages that blew our minds. Deaths, dragons, and massive Mongol broods are among our favorites, but they're only the beginning. From details about medieval weaponry to stories about some of the most powerful individuals who ever lived, these facts about the Middle Ages left us saying “good knight!” - mouths agape and all. - Bizarre Geography Facts From Around the WorldE141
Bizarre Geography Facts From Around the WorldWe learn about geography in school. We have a basic understanding, or at least we should, of where places are, how they got there, and why they are that way. We piece together an image of the world in our heads based on maps and globes, things we hear in the news, and facts and figures we hear in pop culture. So when we actually look at and learn about where things are, or their relative size, or even how many people live there, the reality can be vastly different than the internal picture we had. - How the Altamont Free Concert Ended the Summer of LoveE142
How the Altamont Free Concert Ended the Summer of LoveLambasted by Rolling Stone magazine as "rock and roll's all-time worst day — a day when everything went perfectly wrong," the 1969 music festival at Altamont Speedway in Northern California was a concert unlike any other. Immortalized in the 1970 documentary Gimme Shelter, Altamont was scheduled during one of the most rebellious and heady times in American history, filled with gritty guitar riffs, lots of recreational drugs, and young people looking to rebel. The free concert gave fans a chance to jam out with some of the most epic bands of the counterculture, including the Rolling Stones, Jefferson Airplane, and the Grateful Dead. But when the Hells Angels showed up to work security, things took a turn for the worse. Fans expecting free love and peace were treated to brutality and general mayhem. Forever remembered for its shocking violence, destruction, and chaos, the tragic events at Altamont ended the era of free love and marked the death of the swinging '60s. - The Most Dangerous Islands in the WorldE143
The Most Dangerous Islands in the WorldIslands are supposed to be sunny, peaceful, and warm - exotic locales where you spend time on the beach, maybe do a bit of snorkeling, and even enjoy a few fruity drinks. Except sometimes, none of that happens. The world sports many deceptively beautiful islands, ones that look pleasant but are actually terrifying. From former nuclear test sites to places that are home to deadly creatures, these scary isles have more going on than we realized. And we wanted to know more. We found out what people who've been to 10 of the most dangerous islands in the world said about them, and were left ready to just stay home. Vote up the islands you will most definitely take a hard pass on, too. - The Mysterious Disappearance of the Princes in the TowerE144
The Mysterious Disappearance of the Princes in the TowerFor over half a millennium, the mysterious disappearance of the Princes in the Tower - 12-year-old King Edward V and his 9-year-old brother, Richard, the Duke of York - has been considered a treacherous murder committed by their uncle, Richard III. When the death of their father, Edward IV, his young son became king. Within a few short months, however, both children had disappeared without a trace, and Richard III claimed the crown in 1483. It was a short reign: Richard III died in 1485 fighting against Henry Tudor's forces in the culmination of the War of the Roses. Almost 200 years later, in 1674, workmen dug up two juvenile skeletons at the foot of a staircase in the Tower of London. These skeletons were presumably the two young princes, and the remains were interred in Westminster Abbey - but this was not the end of the enduring mystery. New evidence has emerged indicating the remains discovered in the Tower of London may not be the princes, and Richard III's murderous reputation - Popular Beliefs About Hell That Aren't In The BibleE145
Popular Beliefs About Hell That Aren't In The BibleFrom the intricate paintings of Hieronymous Bosch to the excessive pulp of movies like Constantine, hell has been depicted in dozens of different ways. However, its most common elements - hellfire, souls screaming in torment, and gruesome demons - cannot be found in the Bible. Similar to how our beliefs about angels formed, today, the imagery of "hell" is the result of hundreds of years of art, theology, and imagination. The Greeks believed in a punishing afterworld called Tartarus, and Christian artists and writers borrowed heavily from its complex mythological structure. - The Toughest Warriors in HistoryE146
The Toughest Warriors in HistoryIn the era of the battle royale, it’s no wonder that renewed interest has arisen in deciphering once and for all who the toughest warriors of all time were, both in the general sense and in the specific. Ranking various historical armies and their members is all well and good, but the real excitement comes from matching up the most notable military figures from the annals of history and trying to figure out which of them would win in an all-out fight to the finish. - Real Medieval War Stories That Sound Made UpE147
Real Medieval War Stories That Sound Made UpA blind king rode into battle, two armies clashed over a stolen bucket, and a severed head got its revenge by killing an earl. These medieval war stories sound completely fake - but they're all real. Take, for example, the Battle of Hastings, one of the most important battles in medieval history. It's also one of the strangest battles of the Middle Ages, since William the Conqueror almost lost because of a rumor. William had to take off his helmet and shout "Look at me! I live!" to convince his men not to flee. Or how about Richard the Lionheart, who fought a crusade while lying on a stretcher? And it turns out ice battles aren't an invention of Game of Thrones; medieval Russians fought a massive battle on a frozen lake. - The Creepiest Nursery Rhymes from HistoryE148
The Creepiest Nursery Rhymes from HistoryThe sound of children singing alone can be quite scary (see the Poltergeist main theme, or the "1-2 Freddy's coming for you" song from A Nightmare on Elm Street), but when coupled with certain weird and creepy nursery rhymes, the shudder factor rises exponentially. Let's take a closer look at some of these disturbing nursery rhymes, and perhaps you'll think twice before teaching them to your kids. - How Hawaii Was Stolen by a Fruit Juice CompanyE149
How Hawaii Was Stolen by a Fruit Juice CompanyWhy did the US want Hawaii? With even a glance at its sensual beaches and lush jungles, it's no surprise that the scenic islands have always been desirable. But as with any story of settlement, the development of Hawaii didn't come about as peacefully or honorably as its sumptuous vistas would have you believe. For American lawyer and entrepreneur Sanford Ballard Dole, Hawaii was a gold mine — or at least a pineapple one — and he used his government influence and self-appointed position in Hawaii to push the US toward taking over the islands in the late 1890s. - Major Disasters That Changed HistoryE150
Major Disasters That Changed HistoryHuman history has, to a remarkable extent, been shaped by natural disasters. Whether it’s volcanic eruptions or floods, plague or environmental devastation caused by human activity, human life has proven to be both remarkably precarious and, paradoxically, remarkably resilient. Some natural disasters have come dangerously close to ending the world as humanity has known it but, somehow, people continue on, working to rebuild the damaged world left behind. Strangely enough, natural disasters can end up influencing history in some strange and unexpected ways. - Facts about The Seven Wonders of the Ancient WorldE151
Facts about The Seven Wonders of the Ancient WorldYou’re a tourist in the ancient Mediterranean. Where do you go? Easy: Do a tour of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The idea for a consolidated list of wonderful man-made monuments came from writers in the ancient world. For example, Antipater of Sidon, a Greek writer from the 100s BCE, wrote a poem celebrating some of the known world's most breathtaking sights. These places formed the core of the Seven Wonders. - How the Mongols Actually Conquered the WorldE152
How the Mongols Actually Conquered the WorldThroughout the 13th century, the group of nomadic tribes known as the Mongols unified under a single ruler and proceeded to carve out the largest empire the world had ever seen. From the Danube River in Europe to all the way across Asia up to the Pacific Ocean, the highly mobile warriors overcame empires, kingdoms, and states they encountered until they eventually ruled over an enormous number of people. - The Late Night Talk Show Wars of the 90sE153
The Late Night Talk Show Wars of the 90sThe 1990s were a golden age of late night comedy, shaping the late night television landscape for generations to come. For years, The Tonight Show on NBC - and its longtime host Johnny Carson - was the ultimate tastemaker. But a cast shake-up and its fallout changed that landscape forever. - How To Survive A Viking RaidE154
How To Survive A Viking RaidKeeping your homeland safe from Vikings was no easy task in the Middle Ages. These hardcore warriors were strong, proud, and often unpredictable. Still, the clever, the tough, and the lucky managed to overcome Viking forces and keep their people safe. Viking raids were usually opportunistic and lightning fast. Defending against them was not as important as outlasting them. - Fascinating Death Rituals From Throughout HistoryE155
Fascinating Death Rituals From Throughout HistoryDeath is one of the few certainties in life. Every person experiences it in some way (including their own), and very often, will take part in a ritual surrounding the end of a loved one's life. Many similarities exist among historical death traditions, but there is no single way to grieve, express loss, or celebrate a person's life. Whether it's how a group prepares a corpse, shows continued deference and care for a deceased loved one, or honors the legacy of a fallen hero, death rituals reveal a lot about living. As a result, the end of life has been met with cultural practices and religious rites through the ages. - Caravaggio, The Artist Who Died For His ArtE156
Caravaggio, The Artist Who Died For His ArtYou've seen Caravaggio's stunning paintings, but do you know the story behind the images? Caravaggio was a violent and tragic figure who likely died because of his commitment to his art. He became "the most famous painter in Rome" in 1600 and gave birth to the Baroque style and the technique of chiaroscuro, but when he wasn't painting, Caravaggio surrounded himself with thieves, prostitutes, and fights. - The Dark Origins of CinderellaE157
The Dark Origins of CinderellaIn large part thanks to Disney's version of her story, Cinderella is a familiar fairy tale character. The girl is maltreated by her stepmother and stepsisters, and essentially ends up as their servant. When it comes time for a royal celebration, Cinderella can't attend - until the intervention of her fairy godmother, some lovable creatures, and a magical gourd. By the time the tale ends, Cinderella finds her Prince - well, he finds her - and they live happily ever after. But this is just one telling of “Cinderella,” and it's a fairly tame one. - Facts About Organized Crime Around the WorldE158
Facts About Organized Crime Around the WorldOrganized crime can be explained as a complex and thoroughly centralized criminal enterprise that has been established for the explicit purpose of engaging in unlawful activities. In the world we live in, hundreds of organized crime families operate illegally and often engage in illicit activities. These activities include fraud, human trafficking, robbery, drug and arms smuggling, kidnapping for ransom, and cargo theft. The primary forms of income for organized crime groups are prostitution, drugs, loan-sharking, and gambling. - People Who Changed History by Disregarding OrdersE159
People Who Changed History by Disregarding OrdersThe chain of command and obeying orders are two concepts that are essential to military success. But military history is still full of people who disobeyed orders. Armies are made up of individuals, and regardless of the time period or culture, there are always people who buck the system. The reasons soldiers have disobeyed are as varied as the world's militaries themselves. - The Nightmarish Conditions in Industrial Meat-Packing PlantsE160
The Nightmarish Conditions in Industrial Meat-Packing PlantsIn 1906, Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle, about conditions in industrial meat packing plants, was published. It was a fictionalized account of what it was like in the meat packing industry, and how horrible working conditions were in meat packing plants. Sadly enough, much of what happened in this novel was absolutely true, and was taken from real experiences. This novel served as a wake up call that led to a series of improvements in the industry to make our food safer and to provide better conditions for factory workers. - The Real-World Inspirations Behind Lord of the RingsE161
The Real-World Inspirations Behind Lord of the RingsJ.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings trilogy and The Hobbit adventure that preceded it are full-fledged mythologies and histories unto themselves, making it a little strange to discuss the impact of real-world mythology and history on Tolkien’s saga. But the list of historical references in The Lord of the Rings is long and the impact of influences on his writings, including Norse mythology and Tolkien’s own WWI experiences, is undeniable. Tolkien lived through one of the most tumultuous periods in modern history and had a life story of his own worthy of a book or two. Some of what he learned and experienced was bound to influence his writing. On the record, Tolkien was generally shy about admitting direct influences and allegories, but the historical parallels are too obvious to ignore. - How the Titanic Was Discovered During a Secret Cold War MissionE162
How the Titanic Was Discovered During a Secret Cold War MissionEarly in the morning of April 15, 1912, the world's largest ocean liner slipped beneath the icy waves of the North Atlantic, carrying 1,500 people to their graves. For decades, the shipwreck remained hidden - but how did they find the Titanic? Treasure hunters searched for the ocean liner for years, hoping to find valuable items that sank with the Titanic. But in 1985, oceanographer Robert Ballard successfully found the Titanic on a scientific mission. Or, at least, that's what he told the press. The mission was "strictly scientific," one scientist told The New York Times in 1985. In fact, the search for the Titanic was actually a cover story for a secret Cold War mission. - Secret Rooms In Historical LandmarksE163
Secret Rooms In Historical LandmarksMany countries in the world are home to famous landmarks and monuments that attract millions of visitors each year. But some landmarks have areas inaccessible to the public - or anyone at all. These rooms might be a secret to most visitors, but they're usually not built for secretive reasons. These spaces have all sorts of purposes, from record keeping to providing a living space to recreation - or even no real purpose at all. - Famous Songs With Surprising ControversiesE164
Famous Songs With Surprising ControversiesSongs have always been a fascinating way to explore popular culture. They possess meaning and symbolism, whether they're considered timely, timeless, or both. Many permeate the zeitgeist as testaments to a generation's woes, beliefs, loves, and hates. Essentially, music offers an escape. It can also be incredibly controversial. Some songs have been so offensive to a particular group that they got banned. Occasionally, this happens to tunes most people wouldn't assume anyone would have a problem with. This list features songs we were surprised to learn were controversial. - Charles II - The King With the Wilder Love Life Than Henry VIIIE165
Charles II - The King With the Wilder Love Life Than Henry VIIICharles II of England - the so-called "Merry Monarch" - had a legendary love life. His mistresses were visible, integral members of his court. Stories of their affairs with the king, and their rivalries with each other, have echoed through the centuries. Born in 1630, Charles spent much of his young adulthood in exile. His father, Charles I, was ousted from the throne and executed in 1649. While a Puritanical regime ruled over England, Charles bided his time on the continent. In 1661, England's Parliament invited Charles to come home and become king - this "Restoration" of the monarchy ushered in a new phase in English history. Charles had some accomplishments during his 25 years on the throne. - Classical Paintings That Appear To Contain UFOsE166
Classical Paintings That Appear To Contain UFOsAliens and UFOs are two of the most debated and pondered things in human history. Our universe contains two trillion galaxies aside from our own, making it impossible to prove if life exists on another planet in another galaxy. Who's to say if aliens visited Earth centuries ago? Is it possible they left messages for us through art? There are endless possibilities, but for now, here's a list of classical paintings that may (or may not) have UFOs or aliens hidden inside. - Surprising Facts About NeanderthalsE167
Surprising Facts About NeanderthalsNeanderthals lived hundreds of thousands of years ago, one of the many ancestors to modern humans. The species went extinct about 40,000 years ago, although it continues to live on in the DNA of humans beings around the world. Neanderthals have long been thought of as base, unintelligent creatures who dragged their knuckles and wielded clubs. Reddit says otherwise, providing a lot of information to combat this negative view. The subreddit Today I Learned has offers some eye-opening facts about Neanderthals, many of which may surprise you. - Historical War Heroes You'd Want On Your SideE168
Historical War Heroes You'd Want On Your SideEngaging in warfare is one of the ugliest and most cruel things humans can do to one another. Even in the darkest days of armed conflict, however, some people rise to the challenge of the time and prove their heroism and fortitude. They're often those who carry weapons into battle, but they're also the medics, nurses, and surgeons who work tirelessly to keep their comrades alive. Some even make the ultimate sacrifice, so it's worth looking back at those who demonstrated in one way or another the heroism of which people are capable in the darkest hours. - The Rise and Fall of Saturday Morning CartoonsE169
The Rise and Fall of Saturday Morning CartoonsSaturday mornings used to be sacred animation time. Generations of kids, fueled by bowls of sugary cereal (likely advertised during their Saturday TV sessions), flocked to screens for a binge-worthy block of cartoon programming - whether it was Looney Tunes, Animaniacs, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, the aptly named The Weekenders, or any other classic animated series. So, what happened to Saturday morning cartoons? From the 1960s to the 1980s, cartoons dominated kids' early Saturday TV schedules. Most people probably can't recall when this long-running, popular tradition stopped because cartoons gradually phased out of their lives as they aged. Perhaps, like the downfall of G4 TV, the phenomenon could never last. Profitability, changing viewing habits, and even legislation played a part in the eventual extinction of blocks of animated programming from weekend airwaves. - Mysterious Books History Can't ExplainE170
Mysterious Books History Can't ExplainThere are certain books that aren't exactly listed in great detail on Amazon. These weird and mysterious works often have unknown authors and describe forgotten histories or strange and fantastical worlds. There are some books that are so mysterious that no one has ever been able to read them, written in cryptic codes that have yet to be cracked. Some contain odd pictures depicting fights or the origin of the Earth or flora and fauna we've never seen.